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Saturday 31 December 2016

Blood Cancer

Leukemia is cancer of the blood cells(blood cancer). In leukemia, the bone marrow starts to make a lot of abnormal white blood cells (leukemia cells). 

These abnormal cells out number the healthy cells gradually leading to anaemia, bleeding and infection. The exact cause of leukaemia is unknown but risk factors have been identified. leukaemia is grouped into how quickly the disease spreads (acute or chronic) and which blood cells are affected ((lymphocytes or myelocytes).

TYPES OF LEUKAEMIA

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
It mainly affect adults. It affects the myleoid
cells and usually grow slowly at first. It has little or no symptoms in the initial stages. It is usually diagnosed in the chronic stage (disease developing slowly, or of long duration  ) when treatment is very effective for most people.


Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
This kind almost never affects children. It is found in people over 55 years. It affects the lymphoid cells and grows slowly. It is the most common chronic adult form of leukemia. You may feel well for years and not need any treatment.

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
Most common types of leukemia in children even though adults may get it. It affects lymphoid cells and grows very quickly
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) 

It is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults. It affects children too. It grows rapidly and affects the myleoid cells.


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Friday 30 December 2016

Bile Duct Cancer

Your liver makes a substance called bile, that helps with digestion. Your gallbladder stores it until you need it to digest fat. 

Then your gallbladder pushes the bile into tubes called bile ducts. They carry the bile to your small intestine. 


Bile duct cancer is rare. It can happen in the part of the bile duct that is outside or inside the liver. Cancer of the bile duct outside of the liver is much more common. 

Risk factors include inflammation of the bile duct, older age, some liver diseases, and exposure to certain chemicals.



http://cancers-list.blogspot.com/

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Sunday 25 December 2016

Types of Cancers - Cancer

Cancer types can be grouped into broader categories. The main categories of cancer include:

Carcinoma - cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. There are a number of subtypes of carcinoma, including adenocarcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and transitional cell carcinoma.

Sarcoma - cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.

http://cancers-list.blogspot.com/



Leukaemia
a - cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood.
http://cancers-list.blogspot.com/


http://cancers-list.blogspot.com/


Lymphoma and myeloma - cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system.
Central nervous system cancers - cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.
    


Most common cancers in men and women are:

Bile duct cancer
Blood cancer
Breast cancer
Bladder cancer
Bone cancer
Brain cancer
Cervical cancer 
Colon cancer
Esophageal cancer
Endometrial cancer
Kidney cancer
Lung cancer
Liver cancer
Ovarian cancer
Oral cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Prostate cancer
Rectal cancer
Stomach cancer
Skin cancer
Testicular cancer 
Thyroid cancer
Throat cancer


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what is cancer

Cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.

Cancer is not just one disease but many diseases. There are more than 100 different types of cancer. Most cancers are named for the organ or type of cell in which they start - for example, cancer that begins in the colon is called colon cancer; cancer that begins in melanocytes of the skin is called melanoma.

or

Cancer is a disease in which cells grow and divide with little or no control. There are many different types of cancer. Cancers are typically named for the organ or the cell where the cancer begins. Some cancers can spread from the original site and move to other places in the body.

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Thursday 1 December 2016

Definitions - cancer

Carcinoma:
Carcinomas are cancers or malignancies that begin in the epithelial tissues. Epithelial cells are the cells that line the entire surface of the body as well as the internal structures and cavities. Carcinomas may affect the breast, lung, prostate, and colon and are among the most common types of cancer in adults.
Carcinomas are rare among children before adolescence. Children are more affected by cancers that are not carcinomas such as leukemias, lymphomas and sarcomas.



Myeloid cells
1. Relating to bone marrow.
2. Relating to the spinal cord.
start in immature forms of myeloid cells – white blood cells (other than lymphocytes), red blood cells, or platelet-making cells (megakaryocytes). They are also known as myelocyticmyelogenous, or non-lymphocytic leukemias.




Lymphoid Cells: A lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell in the vertebrate immune system.

Lymphatic (lymphoid) tissue is a kind of connective tissue. It consists of the following types of cells:

Lymphocytes are white blood cells ( leukocytes) that provide an immune response that attacks specific kinds of nonself cells and foreign substances (antigens). There are several major classes of lymphocytes:

T cells (T lymphocytes) originate in the bone marrow but mature in the thymus gland. T cells attack self cells that have been invaded by pathogens, abnormal self cells (such as cancerous cells), or nonself cells (such as those that might be introduced in an organ transplant).


B cells (B lymphocytes) originate and mature in the bone marrow. When B cells encounter an antigen (a toxin, virus, or bacterium), they produce plasma cells and memory cells. Plasma cells release antibodies that bind to the antigen and inactivate it. Memory cells circulate in the lymph and blood with the capacity to produce additional antigens for future encounters with the same antigen.

Macrophages are enlarged monocytes (white blood cells) that engulf microbes and cellular debris.

Reticular cells and their reticular fibers made from collagen and glycoproteins provide a network within which the lymphocytes and other cells reside.








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